Shingle



May 26, 1 936. N. P. HARSHBERGER 2,041,761

SHINGLE Filed oct. 10x, 1932 )Z a) 1N NTOR.

ATTORNEY.

Patented May 26, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE signor to Bakelite NewYork, N. Y.,

Building Products Co., Inc., a corporation of Delaware ApplicationOctober 1l), 1932, Serial No.`636,97f3

13 Claims.

'I'his invention relates to improvements in shingles, and the presentapplication is a continuation in part of application Serial No. 484,077.

In the composition shingle industry, individual shingles are recognizedto possess certain advantages over the strip shingle because of the factthat a greater degree of overlap and protectionv is afforded, andbecause of the fact that a roof assembled from a plurality of individualshingles is usually more attractive than one built up from elongatedstrips. Strip shingles, however, have advantages over individualshingles because assembly can be effected in substantially less time,thus .materially reducing the cost of installation.

It is one of the objects of this invention to provide shingles which areso interconnected during manufacture as to provide for compact stacking,and for quick conversion of the shingles from individual stack formationto strip formation in which each strip comprises a plurality ofinterconnected elements. Y

Another object of the present invention is to combine the advantageousfeatures of strip and individual shingles, by providing individually cutunits which may be pre-assembled in overlapping strip formation duringthe process of manufacture to thus facilitate the assembly on the roof.

A further object of the invention is to provide individual shingles sointerconnected during manufacture that they may be swung relative to oneanother in parallel planes to provide for compact packaging in the samemanner as a plu# rality of individual shingles would be packaged. Afurther object of the invention is to pro vide shingles of the classdescribed which may be manufactured with surfacing on both sides topermit reversal during assembly.

With the above and other objects in view, the invention consists of theimproved shingle and all its parts and combinations as set forth in theclaims, and all equivalents thereof.`

In the accompanying drawing, illustrating one complete embodiment of thepreferred form of the invention, in which the same reference numeralsdesignate the same parts in all of the views:

Fig. 1 is a plan view showing a pair of preassembled individual units;

Fig. 2 is a plan view showing a plurality of the shingles of Fig. 1 asthey appear in assembled relation;

Fig.' 3 is a plan view showing four individual elements pre-,assembledin strip form;

Fig. 4 is a perspective vie'w illustrating the (ci. 10s-'nl manner ofswinging the individual portions of vthe strip of Fig. 3, for packagingpurposes; and

Fig. 5.is a cross sectional view taken through a pack of the typeillustrated in Fig. 4.

Referring more particularly to the drawing, 5 it will be seen that inFig. 1 it was preferred to illustrate diamond shaped shinglesconstructed in accordance with the teachings of the present invention.The said shingles may have one lower corner provided with foldableportions 8 and 9, 10

the portion 8 being adapted to receive a nail in assembly. When the foldis utilized on the lower corner, the upper corner ofV each unit` may becut oi as indicated by the numeral Ill.

The important feature of the present invention 15 resides broadly in thepre-assembly of a plurality of'individual units in connected and/or inoverlapping relation, and with Athe diamond shaped unit illustrated inFigs. l and 3, adjacent corners may be overlapped a, desired distance,20 and the said corners are preferably secured together in `a permanentmanner by any suitable means. The particular manner of securing thecorners together, which is illustrated in the present case, results inadditional advantages which 25 will be hereinafter described. The amountof overlap can, of course, be varied at will, and by making the overlapas small as possible, more economical coverage of a roof may beobtained. On the other hand, by having 30 a substantial overlap asillustrated, the degree of protection is increased with, however, anincrease in expense.

The shingles may be assembled either diagonally or in the manner shownin Fig. 2, a nail il 35 being driven into the fold portion 8 at thelower corner, and the lower corner of the shingle being pulled down tocover said nail in the manner fully described and claimed in applicationSerial No. 484,077. The ends of adjacent strips are 4 overlapped adistance equal tothe permanent overlapping of the individual sections.After a course, or a portion of a course, has been laid, the nextsucceeding course is laid thereabove 45 in such`a manner that the lowerpart thereof just bridges a part of the recess formed between the tabsof two elements of the course below to produce hexagonal gures. Bysurfacing each unit on both sides, each side with a different 50 colormineral, certain of the strips can be reversed during assembly -toproduce a two color effect, or all of the strips may be reversed to thusmake it possible to provide a selection of one of two colors. Inaddition to reversal of the surfaces, the upper and lower edges may bereversed if desired.

Any number of Ithe individual umts may be permanently connected togetherduring manufacture, and in Fig. 1 strips are shown which comprise only,two individual sections, while in Fig. 3-

- serted in such a way as to permit a swingingl move'- ment of oneindividual unit/to superimposed position onan adjacent unit'in themanner illustratedin Figs. 4 and 5. With this arrangement,`

strip shinglesmay be very compactlypacked or packaged, and when thestrips are being assembled on the roof, it is merely necessary to takethe individual packs shown in Fig. 4 and to swing the sections intostrip form, as shown in Fig. 3. Thus, all the advantages andconveniences in packing of the individual shingle are present, and atthe same time, the assembly on the roof is expedited dueA to the stripshingle form. Other forms of connection than the rivet may be utilizedwith or without permanent overlap to permit conversion from stack formto connected strip form. v

It is to be understood that while the invention is shown as applied tocut units of substantially diamond shape, that it may be utilized inconnection with shingles of Aany desired form, and it is to beunderstood that all changes, modifications' and adaptations arecontemplated as may comer within the scope of the claims.

What I claim is: 1. -Connected overlapping shingles comprising aplurality of individually cut units having unlike v faces and securedtogether during manufacture' by means providing for swinging' movementof the individual units relative to one another with said unlike-facesin juxtaposed relation and with said means wholly Iwithin the edges ofthe*v connected overlying unit. s

2. Shingles comprising a plurality of individually cut units securedtogether in overlapping relation during manufacture by means providingfor swinging movement of the individual unitsvrelative to one anotherwith said means wholly within the edges of the connecting overlyingunit.

-3. Shingles comprising a plurality of individually cut units rivetedtogether in overlapping relation during manufacture to provide forswinging movement of the individual units relative to one another withunlike faces of the shingles abutting.

4. Shingles comprising a plurality of individually cut units securedtogether during manufac- Lture by means providing for swinging movementof the individual units relative to one another in substantiallyparallel planes.

ally cut permanently end connected units adapted Vsaid means allowing aswinging movement of the upon a surface.

5. Shingles comprising a plurality of individually cutunits havingadjacent corners secured together during manufacture by means providingfor swinging movement of the individual units relative to one another,said means spaced wholly -within the edges forming said corners.

Y 6. T'hemethod of packing shingles comprising swingably securing aplurality of individual shingies in assembled relationv to one another,and moving said shingles relative to one another to form a stack inwhich each shingle completely overlies the one below and in which allsimilar faces ofthe shingles vface in the same direction.

7. Shingles comprising a plurality of individuto be'relatively displacedto stack the units in Substantially alined relationship with all similar-faces of adjacent elements disposed in the same direction. v

8. iShingles comprising a plurality ofindividually cut unitsinterconnected in groups during manufacture and hinge connectingmeans`secured to adjacent elements and providing for'swinging 'movementof the units relative to one another in parallel planes and adapting theunits of each group to compactl stacking in superimposed relationshipand for conversion into end connected strip form.

9. Shingles ,comprising a plurality of units, means for securingtogether adjacent units during manufacture in overlapping relation, saidmeans providing a swinging movement of the units relative to one anotherin substantially parallel planes.

10. Connected shingles comprising a pluralityv of elements', meanswholly `within the edges of.the elements for securing together saidelements in overlapping relation and providing for a swinging movementof the units relative to one another, said means comprising a pointconnection.

11. Shingles comprising a plurality of units havingel'deining edges,means wholly within said edges securing together said units duringmanufacture in overlapping relation-and providing for a swingingmovement of the units relative to one another, said means comprising aconnected pivot normal toythe face of the unit.

' 12. Connected shingles comprising a plurality t of elements securedtogether during' manufacture in overlapping relation and provided withmeans- 5 -to swingably adjust the elements relative to one another insubstantially parallel planes. said means comprising a `freely` rotatinghinge connection between adjacent elements.

13. In a shingle stack, a plurality of individual '-55 shingles inassembled relation to one another with all similar faces o f adjacentshingles facing in the same direction and means permanently sel. curingtogether adjacent elements in the stack,

shingles relative to one another to form a connected strip ofoverlapping elements when laid NORMAN IP.x HARS'HBERGER.

